Acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19: Systematic review of risks and outcomes [Lesión renal aguda asociada a COVID-19: Revisión sistemática de riesgos y desenlaces]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62574/jqkwej25Keywords:
acute kidney injury, COVID-19, intensive care unitAbstract
Objective: To analyse acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19 from a systematic review of risks and outcomes. Method: Systematic review of indexed scientific literature published between January 2024 and March 2025, including observational studies, prospective cohorts, meta-analyses, and clinical trials evaluating the incidence, mechanisms, associated factors, and clinical evolution of patients with acute kidney injury in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: The incidence of acute kidney injury ranged from modest figures in outpatient cases to 45% in intensive care units. The coexistence of COVID-19 with acute kidney injury exponentially increased in-hospital mortality. Predictive biomarkers such as the urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio and tubular markers offered early therapeutic windows. Rhabdomyolysis showed a bidirectional relationship with acute kidney injury, amplifying organ damage. Conclusions: Acute kidney injury is a common complication in COVID-19 with multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms.
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