Clinical and immunopathological complexities of systemic lupus erythematosus as a systemic autoimmune disease. Clinical case study [Complejidades clínicas e inmunopatológicas del Lupus Eritematoso sistémico desde la enfermedad autoinmune sistémica. Caso Clínico]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62574/rznx7p38Keywords:
Systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmunity, multidisciplinary treatmentAbstract
Objective: To present a clinical case on the clinical and immunopathological complexities of systemic lupus erythematosus from the perspective of systemic autoimmune disease. Method: Clinical history. Results and conclusion: 16-year-old male patient, mixed race, from San Miguel de Guaranda. He presented with five months of arthralgia, palpebral oedema, alopecia, and oral ulcers. Immunological studies: ANA positive, anti-dsDNA >200 IU/mL, direct COOMBS positive, SLEDAI 34 points. Treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone 1 g for three days, followed by prednisone 50 mg daily and hydroxychloroquine 200 mg daily. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of paediatric SLE and the importance of early recognition of atypical manifestations. The multidisciplinary therapeutic approach with early immunosuppression proved effective in controlling severe lupus activity, highlighting the importance of personalised follow-up to optimise long-term prognosis.
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